ionise

/'iaənaiz/ Cách viết khác : (ionise) /'aiənaiz/

Thân thiện

The scientist uses an electric field to ionise the gas in the chamber.

Definition

1. Verb (transitive):

   • To convert an atom or molecule into an ion by adding or removing one or more electrons.
   • To subject a substance to a process that produces ions.

2. Verb (intransitive):

   • To become converted into ions; to dissociate into ions.

Usage

• Transitive Verb: The action is done to an object (e.g., The radiation will the gas).
• Intransitive Verb: The action occurs by itself (e.g., The gas will under high voltage).

Examples

• Transitive Usage:
  • Ultraviolet light can ionise atoms in the upper atmosphere.
  • The strong electric field is used to ionise the sample for mass spectrometry.
• Intransitive Usage:
  • When heated to a plasma state, the gas begins to ionise.
  • These molecules readily ionise in aqueous solution.

Advanced Usage

• Scientific Context: The term is predominantly used in physics and chemistry to describe fundamental processes in plasmas, radiation chemistry, and electrochemistry.
• "Ionise completely": Refers to a substance dissociating fully into ions.
  • Strong acids ionise completely in water.
• "Ionise partially": Refers to a substance where only a fraction of molecules dissociate into ions.
  • Weak acids only ionise partially in solution.

Variants and Related Words

• Ionisation (noun, chiefly British spelling): The process or result of ionising.
  • The ionisation of air creates plasma.
• Ionised (adjective): Describing a substance that has been converted into ions.
  • Ionised particles are affected by magnetic fields.
• Ioniser (noun): A device that produces ions, especially to purify air.
  • The room has an air ioniser.
• Deionise (verb): To remove ions from a substance.
  • We need to deionise the water for the experiment.
• Reionise (verb): To ionise again.
  • The nebula began to reionise after the star's formation.

Synonyms

• Charge (verb, in specific contexts): To give an electric charge to.
• Dissociate (verb, in chemical contexts): To split into smaller particles, such as ions.

Antonyms

• Neutralise (verb, in chemical contexts): To combine ions to form a neutral compound.
• Deionise (verb): To remove ions.

Related Phrases and Compounds

• Ionisation energy: The minimum energy required to remove an electron from an atom or molecule.
  • Helium has a very high first ionisation energy.
• Ionisation chamber: A device for detecting ionising radiation.
  • The Geiger counter contains an ionisation chamber.

Học thuật

Verb

1. convert into ions
2. become converted into ions

Từ đồng nghĩa

• ionize