programming language

language A formal language in which computer programs are

written. The definition of a particular language consists of

both syntax (how the various symbols of the language may be

combined) and semantics (the meaning of the language

constructs).

Languages are classified as low level if they are close to

machine code and high level if each language statement

corresponds to many machine code instructions (though this

could also apply to a low level language with extensive use of

macros, in which case it would be debatable whether it still

counted as low level). A roughly parallel classification is

the description as first generation language through to

fifth generation language.

Another major distinction is between imperative languages

and declarative languages.

(1995-04-06)