reversible process

Thân thiện

A scientist demonstrates a reversible process using a sealed piston of ideal gas.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A thermodynamic process that can be reversed: A "reversible process" is an idealized concept in thermodynamics where a system undergoes a change through a continuous sequence of equilibrium states. If the process is reversed, the system and its surroundings can be returned to their exact initial states without leaving any net change in the universe.

Usage

• The concept of a reversible process is fundamental for defining the maximum possible efficiency of heat engines.
• In an ideal, frictionless reversible process, no energy is dissipated as waste heat.
• Real-world processes are irreversible, but the reversible process serves as a useful theoretical limit.

Examples

• The slow, controlled expansion of a gas in a frictionless piston, where external pressure is always infinitesimally close to the gas pressure, is often modeled as a reversible process.
• Calculating the entropy change for a reversible process is straightforward using the formula dS = δQ_rev / T.
• No actual process is perfectly reversible, but some, like the slow melting of ice at 0°C, can be approximated as a reversible process.

Advanced Usage

• "Reversible" as a modifying adjective: The word "reversible" itself describes the capability of being reversed. In thermodynamics, it specifies the idealized nature of the process.
  • The engineer designed a theoretical cycle based entirely on reversible adiabatic and isothermal steps.

Variants and Related Words

• Reversibility (n): The property or quality of being reversible.
  • The reversibility of the process is a key assumption in Carnot's theorem.
• Irreversible process (n): The opposite of a reversible process; a real process that cannot be undone without leaving a net change in the universe.
  • Friction and unrestrained expansion are hallmarks of an irreversible process.

Synonyms

• Quasi-static process (in the ideal, frictionless limit): A process that occurs infinitely slowly so the system is always in equilibrium.
• Equilibrium process: A process where the system passes through a series of equilibrium states.

Related Concepts (Not Phrasal Verbs/Idioms)

• Entropy: In a reversible process, the total entropy change of the system and its surroundings is zero.
• Carnot cycle: A theoretical thermodynamic cycle composed entirely of reversible processes, defining the maximum possible efficiency.
• Second Law of Thermodynamics: This law implies that all natural processes are irreversible and that reversible processes represent an ideal, unattainable limit.

Học thuật

Noun

1. any process in which a system can be made to pass through the same states in the reverse order when the process is reversed