glycogen
- Noun:
- A polysaccharide that serves as the primary storage form of glucose in animals and fungi: Glycogen is a complex carbohydrate stored primarily in the liver and muscle tissues. It functions as a crucial energy reserve, being broken down into glucose when the body requires a quick energy supply.
- Noun:
- After a meal, excess glucose is converted into glycogen for storage in the liver.
- During intense exercise, muscles break down their stored glycogen to provide energy.
"Glycogen depletion": A state where the body's glycogen stores are significantly reduced, often leading to fatigue.
- Marathon runners must manage their energy to avoid complete glycogen depletion before the finish line.
"Glycogen synthesis": The biochemical process of forming glycogen from glucose molecules.
- Insulin is a key hormone that stimulates glycogen synthesis after eating.
Glycogenesis (n): The metabolic process of glycogen synthesis.
- Glycogenesis is most active in the liver following a carbohydrate-rich meal.
Glycogenolysis (n): The metabolic process of breaking down glycogen into glucose.
- The hormone glucagon triggers glycogenolysis to raise blood sugar levels.
Glycogenic (adj): Relating to or promoting the formation of glycogen.
- Glucose is a glycogenic substrate.
- Animal starch: A common synonym highlighting its role as the primary carbohydrate storage molecule in animals.
"Glycogen store": Refers to the body's reserve of glycogen.
- Athletes often "carb-load" to maximize their glycogen stores before a competition.
"Liver glycogen": Specifically denotes glycogen stored in the liver, which is used to maintain blood glucose levels for the entire body.
- Liver glycogen is essential for preventing hypoglycemia between meals.
"Muscle glycogen": Specifically denotes glycogen stored in muscle tissue, which is used locally to fuel muscular contraction.
- Muscle glycogen is the direct fuel source for sprinting.
-
one form in which body fuel is stored; stored primarily in the liver and broken down into glucose when needed by the body
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