hemicellulose

hemicellulose

A scientist examines hemicellulose in a plant cell wall diagram.

Definition
  1. Noun:
    • A type of polysaccharide: "hemicellulose" refers to any of several heteropolymers (matrix polysaccharides) present in plant cell walls, along with cellulose and lignin. Unlike cellulose, hemicellulose has a branched, amorphous structure and is more easily hydrolyzed.
Usage Examples
  • (A polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.)
  • (The decomposition of this plant polymer.)
  • (A structural polysaccharide in plant cell walls.)
Advanced Usage
  • "Hemicellulose content": the proportion of hemicellulose in a given plant material.
    • The hemicellulose content of hardwood is higher than that of softwood. (The amount of this polysaccharide varies by tree type.)
  • "Hemicellulose hydrolysis": the chemical or enzymatic breakdown of hemicellulose into its constituent sugars (e.g., xylose, arabinose).
    • Hemicellulose hydrolysis is a critical step in biofuel production. (Breaking down this polymer to yield fermentable sugars.)
Variants and Related Words
  • Hemicellulosic (adj): relating to or derived from hemicellulose.
    • The hemicellulosic fraction of the biomass was extracted. (The portion composed of hemicellulose.)
  • Hemicellulase (n): an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of hemicellulose.
    • Hemicellulase is added to animal feed to improve digestibility. (An enzyme that acts on hemicellulose.)
Synonyms
  • Matrix polysaccharide: a type of polysaccharide in plant cell walls that forms a gel-like matrix.
  • Non-cellulosic polysaccharide: a polysaccharide in plant cell walls other than cellulose.
Related Idioms (None directly applicable; the term is technical and lacks common idioms.)
Phrasal Verbs (None applicable; "hemicellulose" is a noun with no phrasal verb usage.)