hold off
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Verb (transitive): To resist or keep someone or something at a distance; to prevent from advancing or succeeding.
- Verb (intransitive): To delay or postpone an action; to wait.
Usage
- As a transitive verb, "hold off" is followed by a direct object (the thing or person being resisted).
- We must hold off the competition.
- As an intransitive verb, it is often followed by a prepositional phrase (e.g., "on," "until") or an infinitive ("to") to indicate what is being delayed.
- Let's hold off on a decision.
- He decided to hold off until he had more information.
Examples
- Transitive usage (resisting):
- The small garrison managed to hold off the enemy attack for three days.
- I'm trying to hold off my hunger until dinner time.
- Intransitive usage (delaying):
- If the rain holds off, we can have our picnic.
- The company will hold off on launching the new product until next quarter.
Advanced Usage
- "Hold off on (something)": A common phrase meaning to delay a specific action or decision.
- The board decided to hold off on the merger talks.
- "Hold off (someone/something) for a period": To successfully resist for a specific duration.
- They held off the creditors for another month.
Variants and Related Words
- Holdout (noun): A person or group that resists agreement or refuses to accept something.
- He was the last holdout against the new policy.
Synonyms
- Delay, postpone, put off, defer (for the "wait" meaning).
- Resist, repel, fend off, keep at bay (for the "resist" meaning).
Related Phrasal Verbs
- Hold back: To hesitate or to prevent something from progressing. (Similar to "hold off" in the sense of restraint, but "hold back" often implies an internal hesitation or a physical restraint, while "hold off" often implies an external threat or a planned delay).
- She held back her tears. (Internal restraint)
- The dam held back the floodwaters. (Physical restraint)
- Hold on: To wait (often on the phone) or to grip tightly.
- Hold on a moment, please.
Related Idioms
- Hold the line: To maintain a position, especially against opposition or difficulty. This is related to the "resist" meaning of "hold off."
- Our job is to hold the line on spending this year.
Verb
- wait before acting
- the scientists held off announcing their results until they repeated the experiment
- resist and fight to a standoff
- Dallas had enough of a lead to hold the Broncos off