state's evidence
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun: - Testimony provided by an accomplice or co-conspirator against their partners in crime in exchange for immunity or a reduced sentence: In a criminal trial, "state's evidence" refers to the situation where a person involved in a crime agrees to testify as a witness for the prosecution against the other defendants.
Usage
- This term is used almost exclusively in legal contexts, particularly in criminal law in the United States.
- It describes the specific evidence provided by the cooperating witness, as well as the status of that witness.
- The phrase is often used with verbs like "turn" or "become."
Examples
- The gang member decided to turn state's evidence to avoid a life sentence.
- The prosecution's case relied heavily on the testimony of an accomplice who had become state's evidence.
- By offering state's evidence, the defendant received a plea bargain.
Advanced Usage
- To turn state's evidence: This is the most common phrasal construction. It means to formally agree to testify for the prosecution against one's former associates in crime.
- Facing serious charges, the informant chose to turn state's evidence.
Variants and Related Words
- King's evidence / Queen's evidence: The equivalent term used in some Commonwealth countries, such as the United Kingdom, depending on the reigning monarch.
- Approver: (Archaic) A person who confesses to a crime and testifies against their accomplices.
- Cooperating witness: A more general modern term for a defendant or accomplice who assists the prosecution.
Synonyms
- Testimony for the prosecution
- Cooperator's testimony
- Accomplice testimony
Notes on Meaning
- The term specifically implies a deal has been made between the witness and the state (the prosecution). The witness is typically granted immunity or leniency in return for their testimony.
- It is a key tool for prosecutors to dismantle criminal organizations by securing testimony from within them.
- The evidence provided is not just physical evidence but primarily consists of sworn testimony detailing the criminal activities of others.
Noun
- evidence for the prosecution in criminal proceedings