Foucault

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Definition

Proper noun 1. A French physicist: Refers to Jean Bernard Léon Foucault, a 19th-century scientist known for his experimental demonstrations and inventions that provided evidence for the rotation of the Earth and measured the speed of light.

Examples of Usage
  • Proper noun:
    • Foucault demonstrated the rotation of the Earth using a pendulum.
    • The Foucault pendulum is a classic experiment in physics.
    • The speed of light was accurately measured by Foucault.
Advanced Usage
  • Foucault current: Also known as an eddy current, it is an electrical current induced within a conductor by a changing magnetic field. While named for him, this phenomenon was discovered by others; Foucault investigated and explained its effects.
    • Foucault currents in the metal plate cause it to heat up.
Variants and Related Words
  • Foucaultian (adjective): Pertaining to or characteristic of the ideas of Michel Foucault, a distinct 20th-century French philosopher and social theorist. It is critical to distinguish this from the physicist.
    • Foucaultian analysis often examines the relationship between power and knowledge.
  • Foucault pendulum (noun phrase): A long pendulum with a heavy bob, free to swing in any vertical plane, used to demonstrate the Earth's rotation. The plane of the pendulum's swing appears to rotate slowly over time.
    • Many science museums have a Foucault pendulum on display.
Synonyms
  • Jean Bernard Léon Foucault (full name).
Noun
  1. French physicist who determined the speed of light and showed that it travels slower in water than in air; invented the Foucault pendulum and the gyroscope (1819-1868)

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