Le Chatelier-Braun principle

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Definition

Noun: - Le Chatelier-Braun principle: A fundamental principle in physical chemistry which states that if a system in dynamic equilibrium is subjected to a change in conditions (such as concentration, pressure, or temperature), the equilibrium will shift in a direction that tends to counteract or reduce the effect of that change, thereby establishing a new equilibrium.

Usage Examples
  • Noun:
    • When pressure is increased on a gaseous reaction at equilibrium, the system shifts according to the Le Chatelier-Braun principle to favor the side with fewer moles of gas.
    • The Le Chatelier-Braun principle predicts that adding more reactant to an equilibrium mixture will cause the reaction to produce more product.
Advanced Usage
  • "Applying the Le Chatelier-Braun principle": Used to describe the analytical process of predicting how a system at equilibrium will respond to an external stress.
    • By applying the Le Chatelier-Braun principle, we can understand why the yield of ammonia increases at higher pressures in the Haber process.
Variants and Related Words
  • Le Chatelier's principle (n): A more common name for the same principle, often used interchangeably.
    • Le Chatelier's principle is a cornerstone concept for students of chemistry.
  • Equilibrium (n): A state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced.
  • Chemical equilibrium (n): The state in a reversible chemical reaction where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.
Synonyms
  • Le Chatelier's law: A synonymous term for the same principle.
  • The equilibrium law: A more general term that can refer to this principle.
Related Phrases
  • Shift the equilibrium: To cause a change in the position of an equilibrium, as predicted by the principle.
    • Adding a catalyst speeds up the reaction but does not shift the equilibrium.
  • Stress the system: To apply a change (in concentration, pressure, temperature) to a system at equilibrium.
    • Heating the mixture stresses the system, causing the equilibrium to shift.
Related Concepts
  • Common-ion effect: An application of the principle where adding an ion common to an equilibrium suppresses the ionization of a weak electrolyte.
  • Vapor-liquid equilibrium: A type of phase equilibrium where the principle can be applied to predict changes.
Noun
  1. the principle that if any change is imposed on a system that is in equilibrium then the system tends to adjust to a new equilibrium counteracting the change

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