RNA polymerase

Học thuật
Thân thiện
Definition
  1. Noun:
    • The enzyme that copies DNA into RNA: RNA polymerase is a biological catalyst responsible for synthesizing RNA molecules from a DNA template during the process of transcription.
Usage Examples
  • Noun:
    • RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of DNA called the promoter to initiate transcription.
    • The function of RNA polymerase is essential for gene expression.
    • Scientists studied how the antibiotic inhibited bacterial RNA polymerase.
Advanced Usage
  • "RNA polymerase II": A specific type of RNA polymerase in eukaryotes responsible for transcribing messenger RNA (mRNA).
    • RNA polymerase II is the enzyme that transcribes protein-coding genes.
  • "RNA polymerase activity": Refers to the functional capability of the enzyme to catalyze RNA synthesis.
    • The experiment measured the RNA polymerase activity in the cell extract.
Variants and Related Words
  • Polymerase (n): A general term for any enzyme that synthesizes polymers of nucleic acids.
    • DNA polymerase is another crucial enzyme for replication.
  • Transcriptase (n): Another name for an RNA polymerase, emphasizing its role in transcription.
    • Reverse transcriptase is a related enzyme that copies RNA into DNA.
Synonyms
  • Transcriptase: An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of RNA from a DNA template.
Related Phrases
  • "Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)": A laboratory technique for amplifying DNA, which uses a polymerase, not RNA polymerase. (This is a related but distinct compound term).
  • "Transcription machinery": The complex of proteins, including RNA polymerase, involved in transcription.
Noun
  1. the enzyme that copies DNA into RNA

Từ đồng nghĩa