acetone body

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Definition

Noun: 1. A ketone body: A type of organic compound (specifically a ketone) produced as an intermediate during the metabolic breakdown of fatty acids in the liver. 2. A metabolic indicator: Any of the three compounds—acetoacetic acid, acetone, and beta-hydroxybutyric acid—collectively called ketone bodies. Their presence in significant amounts in the blood (ketonemia) and urine (ketonuria) is a clinical sign of incomplete fat metabolism, often associated with metabolic disorders like diabetic ketoacidosis or starvation.

Usage Examples
  • Noun:
    • The laboratory test detected an acetone body in the patient's urine sample.
    • During prolonged fasting, the liver produces acetone bodies to provide an alternative energy source for the brain.
    • High levels of acetone bodies are a hallmark of diabetic ketoacidosis.
Advanced Usage
  • Clinical Context: The term is primarily used in medical, biochemical, and physiological contexts to discuss metabolic states. The plural form "acetone bodies" (or the more common synonym "ketone bodies") is frequently used.
  • Pathophysiology: The accumulation of acetone bodies lowers blood pH, leading to a dangerous condition called metabolic acidosis.
Variants and Related Words
  • Ketone body (n): The more common and technically precise synonym for acetone body.
  • Ketonemia (n): The condition of having ketone bodies in the blood.
  • Ketonuria (n): The condition of having ketone bodies in the urine.
  • Ketoacidosis (n): A pathological metabolic state characterized by high levels of ketone bodies and acidic blood.
Synonyms
  • Ketone body
  • Ketone (in a specific medical context, though "ketone" is a broader chemical class)
Related Phrases and Compounds
  • Acetone breath: A symptom where the breath smells fruity or like nail polish remover (acetone) due to the exhalation of acetone, one of the acetone bodies.
  • Ketone body formation: The metabolic process of creating acetone bodies.
  • Ketone body utilization: The process by which tissues, like the brain and heart, use acetone bodies for energy.
Noun
  1. a ketone that is an intermediate product of the breakdown of fats in the body; any of three compounds (acetoacetic acid, acetone, and/or beta-hydroxybutyric acid) found in excess in blood and urine of persons with metabolic disorders

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