acetyl group

Thân thiện

A chemist draws the structure of an acetyl group on a whiteboard.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • The organic group of acetic acid (CH3CO-): A functional group in organic chemistry consisting of a methyl group (CH₃) single-bonded to a carbonyl group (C=O). It is a key acyl group derived from acetic acid.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to the histone protein.
  • Acetylation involves the introduction of an acetyl group into an organic compound.

Advanced Usage

• "Acetyl group transfer": A fundamental biochemical process where the acetyl moiety is moved from one molecule to another, such as in the Krebs cycle or in histone modification.
  • Coenzyme A is a common carrier for acetyl group transfer in metabolism.

Variants and Related Words

• Acetyl (adj): Pertaining to or containing the acetyl group.
  • Acetyl chloride is a reactive derivative.
• Acetylate (v): To introduce an acetyl group into a compound.
  • The compound is acetylated to increase its solubility.
• Acetylation (n): The process of introducing an acetyl group.
  • Histone acetylation is a type of epigenetic modification.

Synonyms

• Acetyl moiety: A synonym emphasizing it as a part of a larger molecule.
• Ethanoate group: A systematic name derived from the parent acid, ethanoic (acetic) acid.

Related Phrases and Concepts

• Acetyl-CoA: A central molecule in metabolism that carries the acetyl group for biochemical reactions.
  • Acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle to produce energy.
• Acetylcholinesterase: An enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which contains an acetyl group.
  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are used to treat certain medical conditions.

Học thuật

Noun

1. the organic group of acetic acid (CH3CO-)

Từ đồng nghĩa

• acetyl
• acetyl radical
• ethanoyl group
• ethanoyl radical