acetyl

Thân thiện

A chemist writes the acetyl group on a molecular model.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • The organic group of acetic acid (CH3CO-): "Acetyl" refers to a specific functional group in organic chemistry, derived from acetic acid by removal of the hydroxyl group. It is represented by the formula CH₃CO– and is a key acyl group in biochemistry and organic synthesis.

Examples of Usage

• Noun:
  • Acetyl groups are transferred by enzymes in metabolic pathways. (This describes the role of the acetyl group in biological processes.)
  • The compound was modified by the addition of an acetyl. (This indicates a chemical modification using the acetyl functional group.)
  • Acetyl coenzyme A is a central molecule in metabolism. (This is a specific biochemical example where "acetyl" is part of a compound name.)

Advanced Usage

• "Acetyl-" as a prefix: Used in systematic chemical nomenclature to denote the presence of the acetyl group in a molecule.
  • Acetylcholine is a vital neurotransmitter. (Here, "acetyl-" is part of the compound's name, indicating it contains the acetyl group.)
• "Acetylation": The biochemical process of introducing an acetyl group into a molecule.
  • Histone acetylation can regulate gene expression. (This describes a specific process involving the transfer of acetyl groups.)

Variants and Related Words

• Acetylene (n): A hydrocarbon with the formula C₂H₂, used in welding. (Note: This is a distinct compound; the name shares the "acetyl-" root but refers to a different molecule.)
• Acetylated (adj): Describing a molecule that has undergone acetylation (had an acetyl group added).
  • The acetylated form of the drug is more active.
• Acetyltransferase (n): An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group.
  • Choline acetyltransferase synthesizes acetylcholine.

Synonyms

• Ethanoyl group: The systematic IUPAC name for the acetyl group. (This is a more formal chemical synonym.)

Related Phrases and Compounds

• Acetyl chloride: A reactive compound (CH₃COCl) used to introduce the acetyl group in chemical synthesis.
• Acetyl salicylic acid: The chemical name for aspirin, which contains an acetyl group.

Học thuật

Noun

1. the organic group of acetic acid (CH3CO-)

Từ đồng nghĩa

• acetyl group
• acetyl radical
• ethanoyl group
• ethanoyl radical