acetyl
Definition
- Noun:
- The organic group of acetic acid (CH3CO-): "Acetyl" refers to a specific functional group in organic chemistry, derived from acetic acid by removal of the hydroxyl group. It is represented by the formula CH₃CO– and is a key acyl group in biochemistry and organic synthesis.
Examples of Usage
- Noun:
- Acetyl groups are transferred by enzymes in metabolic pathways. (This describes the role of the acetyl group in biological processes.)
- The compound was modified by the addition of an acetyl. (This indicates a chemical modification using the acetyl functional group.)
- Acetyl coenzyme A is a central molecule in metabolism. (This is a specific biochemical example where "acetyl" is part of a compound name.)
Advanced Usage
- "Acetyl-" as a prefix: Used in systematic chemical nomenclature to denote the presence of the acetyl group in a molecule.
- Acetylcholine is a vital neurotransmitter. (Here, "acetyl-" is part of the compound's name, indicating it contains the acetyl group.)
- "Acetylation": The biochemical process of introducing an acetyl group into a molecule.
- Histone acetylation can regulate gene expression. (This describes a specific process involving the transfer of acetyl groups.)
Variants and Related Words
- Acetylene (n): A hydrocarbon with the formula C₂H₂, used in welding. (Note: This is a distinct compound; the name shares the "acetyl-" root but refers to a different molecule.)
- Acetylated (adj): Describing a molecule that has undergone acetylation (had an acetyl group added).
- The acetylated form of the drug is more active.
- Acetyltransferase (n): An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group.
- Choline acetyltransferase synthesizes acetylcholine.
Synonyms
- Ethanoyl group: The systematic IUPAC name for the acetyl group. (This is a more formal chemical synonym.)
Related Phrases and Compounds
- Acetyl chloride: A reactive compound (CH₃COCl) used to introduce the acetyl group in chemical synthesis.
- Acetyl salicylic acid: The chemical name for aspirin, which contains an acetyl group.
Noun
-
the organic group of acetic acid (CH3CO-)
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