acetylate
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Verb (transitive):
- To introduce an acetyl group (CH₃CO-) into a chemical compound. This is a chemical reaction that adds an acetyl functional group to a molecule.
- Verb (intransitive):
- (Of a chemical compound) to undergo a reaction in which it receives an acetyl group.
Usage Examples
- Verb (transitive):
- Researchers acetylate the sugar molecule to study its new properties.
- The process acetylates the core compound, changing its solubility.
- Verb (intransitive):
- When treated with acetic anhydride, the alcohol acetylates.
- The compound readily acetylated under the given conditions.
Advanced Usage
- "To be acetylated" (passive participle): Describes a compound that has undergone acetylation.
- The acetylated form of the drug is more easily absorbed by the body.
- "Acetylating agent": A chemical reagent that causes acetylation.
- Acetic anhydride is a common acetylating agent in organic synthesis.
Variants and Related Words
- Acetylation (n): The chemical process or result of acetylating.
- Histone acetylation is an important epigenetic modification.
- Acetyl (n): The functional group CH₃CO- that is introduced.
- An acetyl group is transferred during the reaction.
Synonyms
- Esterify (with acetic acid): To combine with acetic acid to form an ester. (Note: Acetylation often, but not always, results in an ester.)
- Acylated: A more general term for introducing any acyl group (RCO-); acetylation is a specific type of acylation where R is a methyl group (CH₃).
Related Phrases / Processes
- N-acetylation: Acetylation that occurs on a nitrogen atom.
- N-acetylation is a common metabolic pathway for many drugs.
- O-acetylation: Acetylation that occurs on an oxygen atom.
- The O-acetylation of the hydroxyl group produced an acetate ester.
Verb
- introduce an acetyl group into (a chemical compound)
- receive substitution of an acetyl group
- the compounds acetylated