biocatalyst

Thân thiện

A scientist adds a biocatalyst to a test tube in the laboratory.

Definition

Noun: A substance, typically an enzyme, that initiates or accelerates a biochemical reaction without being consumed in the process. It is a catalyst that functions within living organisms or biological systems.

Usage and Examples

• The enzyme amylase is a biocatalyst that breaks down starch into sugars during digestion.
• Researchers are developing new biocatalysts for more efficient industrial fermentation processes.
• In this metabolic pathway, the biocatalyst lowers the activation energy required for the reaction to proceed.

Advanced Usage

• Immobilized biocatalyst: A biocatalyst that is fixed to a solid support, allowing it to be reused in industrial reactors.
  • The company uses an immobilized biocatalyst to produce high-fructose corn syrup continuously.
• The term is often used in industrial biotechnology and green chemistry contexts to emphasize the biological origin and sustainable advantages of the catalyst compared to traditional chemical catalysts.

Variants and Related Words

• Biocatalysis (n): The process of using biocatalysts to drive chemical reactions.
• Enzyme (n): A specific and common type of protein biocatalyst. While all enzymes are biocatalysts, not all biocatalysts are enzymes (e.g., some ribozymes are catalytic RNA molecules).

Synonyms

• Biological catalyst
• Enzyme (in many, but not all, contexts)
• Organic catalyst

Related Phrases and Compounds

• Biocatalyst engineering: The field of designing or modifying biocatalysts for specific functions.
• Biocatalytic process: An industrial or laboratory procedure that relies on a biocatalyst.

Học thuật

Noun

1. a biochemical catalyst such as an enzyme