burn down
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Verb (transitive):
- To completely destroy a structure or object by setting it on fire.
- Verb (intransitive):
- To be consumed or destroyed by fire; to be reduced to ashes or a ruin by burning.
Usage
- The transitive form (burn down [something]) focuses on the action of causing the destruction.
- Example: The angry mob threatened to burn down the courthouse.
- The intransitive form ([something] burns down) focuses on the event or process of the structure being destroyed.
- Example: The old factory burned down last night.
Examples
- Transitive use:
- Vandals burned down the historic library.
- The settlers were forced to burn down their own crops to prevent them from falling into enemy hands.
- Intransitive use:
- The wooden cabin burned down in less than an hour.
- If a forest burns down, it can take decades to recover.
Advanced Usage
- Figurative Use: Can be used metaphorically to describe intense emotion or a powerful, destructive process.
- Her anger burned down every bridge of communication between them. (Metaphorically destroyed)
- The scandal burned down his political career. (Completely ruined)
Variants and Related Words
- Burn (verb): The general term for being on fire or damaging with fire. "Burn down" implies total destruction.
- Burn up (verb): Often means to be completely consumed by flames (similar), but can also mean to destroy by burning (e.g., documents) or, idiomatically, to be very angry.
- Arson (noun): The criminal act of deliberately setting fire to property.
- Fire (noun/verb): A more general term for combustion or the act of discharging a weapon.
Synonyms
- Destroy by fire: Incinerate, raze, reduce to ashes.
- Be destroyed by fire: Be razed, go up in flames, be consumed.
Related Phrasal Verbs
- Burn out: 1. To stop functioning because of overheating (e.g., ). 2. To become exhausted from overwork (e.g., ).
- Burn up: 1. To be completely consumed by fire. 2. (Informal) To make someone very angry (e.g., ).
Related Idioms
- Go up in smoke/flames: To be destroyed by fire; to fail completely.
- Their business plans went up in smoke after the market crash.
- Fight fire with fire: To use similar methods to those used against you.
- The company decided to fight fire with fire and launch a competing product.
Verb
- destroy by fire
- They burned the house and his diaries
- burn completely; be consumed or destroyed by fire
- The hut burned down
- The mountain of paper went up in flames