Definition

Noun: * Grudge, Resentment: A persistent feeling of ill will, anger, or bitterness held against someone because of a past wrong or offense. It implies a deep-seated, often long-lasting, animosity.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Anh ấy vẫn còn cừu thị tôi vì chuyện cũ. (He still holds a grudge against me because of the old matter.)
  • Đừng để cừu thị làm hỏng tình bạn của chúng ta. (Don't let resentment ruin our friendship.)
  • Sự cừu thị giữa hai gia đình đã kéo dài nhiều thế hệ. (The animosity between the two families has lasted for many generations.)

Advanced Usage

• "nuôi cừu thị": to harbor/nurse a grudge.
  • Nuôi cừu thị trong lòng chỉ làm tổn thương chính mình. (Harboring a grudge in your heart only hurts yourself.)
• "mối cừu thị": a grudge, a feud.
  • Hai người họ có một mối cừu thị từ lâu. (The two of them have had a long-standing feud.)

Variants and Related Words

• Cừu (n): Enemy, foe. (Note: This is a classical/literary term, not commonly used in modern spoken Vietnamese).
• Thị (v): To regard, to consider. (Note: This is a classical Sino-Vietnamese root, rarely used independently in modern Vietnamese).

Synonyms

• Thù hằn (n): Hatred, enmity (often stronger and more active than ).
• Oán hận (n): Resentment, bitterness.
• Ác cảm (n): Antipathy, dislike (can be less intense and more general than ).

Notes on Usage

• Formality: "Cừu thị" is a formal, literary word derived from Sino-Vietnamese roots. It is more commonly found in writing, literature, or formal speech than in everyday conversation.
• Modern Equivalents: In casual, modern spoken Vietnamese, words like "thù hằn", "oán giận", or simply "ghét" (to hate) are more frequently used to express similar concepts.