causality

/kɔ:'zæliti/

Thân thiện

The scientist carefully examines the causality between sunlight and plant growth.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • The relationship between cause and effect: "Causality" refers to the principle that everything has a cause and that causes produce effects. It is the connection between an event (the cause) and a second event (the effect), where the second event is understood as a consequence of the first.
   • The principle of causation: In philosophy and science, "causality" denotes the fundamental concept that events are caused by preceding events, forming a chain of cause and effect.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Scientists study the causality between smoking and lung cancer. (Researchers investigate the cause-and-effect link connecting smoking to lung cancer.)
  • The philosopher wrote extensively about the nature of causality. (The philosopher's work focused on the fundamental principle of cause and effect.)
  • Establishing causality in social studies can be very complex. (Proving that one factor directly causes another in social sciences is often difficult.)

Advanced Usage

• "Chain of causality": A sequence of events where each is the cause of the next.

  • The investigation traced a long chain of causality leading to the accident. (The inquiry followed the series of causes that resulted in the accident.)

• "To infer causality": To deduce or conclude that a cause-and-effect relationship exists.

  • Correlation does not necessarily allow us to infer causality. (Just because two things are related does not mean one causes the other.)

Variants and Related Words

• Causal (adj): Relating to or acting as a cause.

  • There is a strong causal link between diet and health. (Diet is a direct cause influencing health.)

• Causation (n): The action of causing something; the relationship between cause and effect. (Often used interchangeably with "causality," though "causation" can more specifically refer to the act of causing.)

  • The court examined the issue of causation in the injury case. (The court looked into whether the defendant's action actually caused the injury.)

Synonyms

• Cause and effect: The principle of causality.
• Causation: The act or process of causing.

Related Phrases

• "Reverse causality": A situation where it is mistakenly thought that X causes Y, when in fact Y causes X.
  • The observed association might be due to reverse causality. (The apparent link might be because the supposed effect is actually the cause.)

Related Concepts

• The law of causality: The philosophical principle that every event has a cause.
  • Debates about free will often involve the law of causality. (Discussions on human freedom frequently consider the principle that every effect has a cause.)

Học thuật

Noun

1. the relation between causes and effects