Definition

Verb: 1. To reverse the direction of (an alternating electric current) each half cycle to produce a direct current: This is a technical term from electrical engineering. It describes the fundamental process within a device called a commutator, which converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC).

Usage and Examples

• Technical Process: The core function is to periodically reverse the current's direction.
  • The brushes and segments on the motor's armature commutate the current to maintain rotation in one direction.
  • A rectifier circuit uses diodes to commutate the AC input from the wall outlet into DC power for the device.
• Device Function: Often describes what a component (a commutator) does.
  • The primary role of the mechanical commutator is to commutate the current flowing through the rotor windings.

Advanced Usage

• Commutation (n.): The noun form refers to the process or act of commutating.
  • Sparkless commutation is a key design goal for efficient DC motors.
• Commutation Failure: A technical fault where the process does not occur correctly.
  • The motor overheated due to a commutation failure caused by worn brushes.

Variants and Related Words

• Commutator (n.): A mechanical or electronic device that performs the function of commutation, typically found in DC motors and generators.
• Commutated (adj.): Describes a current that has undergone commutation.
  • The commutated current is now suitable for charging the battery.

Synonyms

• Rectify: In electrical engineering, this is a close synonym, especially when referring to the conversion of AC to DC. However, "rectify" often implies the use of solid-state components (like diodes), while "commutate" can imply a mechanical process.
  • Diodes rectify alternating current. (Electronic method)
  • A commutator commutates alternating current. (Often mechanical method)

Verb

1. reverse the direction of (an alternating electric current) each half cycle so as to produce a unidirectional current