Definition

Noun A specific anatomical landmark on the human skull. The condylion is the craniometric point located at the most lateral (outer) or posterior (back) point on the mandibular condyle. The mandibular condyle is the rounded protrusion at the top of the lower jaw (mandible) that fits into the socket of the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Usage

The term is used almost exclusively in specialized fields such as craniometry (the scientific measurement of skulls), physical anthropology, forensic anthropology, and dentistry. It is a precise point of reference for taking measurements of the skull and jaw.

Examples

• In a forensic report: "The distance between the left and right was measured to help reconstruct the individual's facial structure."
• In a craniometric study: "The measurement from to gnathion is a standard indicator of mandibular height."
• In an anatomy text: "Key landmarks for analyzing the mandible include the menton, gonion, and ."

Advanced Usage

• Bilateral Points: There is a left and a right on each mandibular condyle.
• Cephalometric Analysis: In orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, is one of many points used in cephalometric radiographs (X-rays) to diagnose and plan treatment for jaw discrepancies.

Variants and Related Words

• Condyle (noun): A rounded prominence at the end of a bone, forming an articulation (joint). The mandibular condyle is the specific structure on which the point is located.
• Condylar (adjective): Relating to or resembling a condyle. (e.g., fracture).
• Craniometry (noun): The scientific measurement of cranial (skull) features.

Synonyms

• Craniometric point: This is the general category to which belongs. Other specific points include , , and .

Notes

• Technical Term: This is a highly technical, specialized term not used in everyday language.
• Spelling: The plural form is condylia.

Noun

1. the craniometric point at the tip of the mandibular condyle