Definition

1. Noun:
   • A type of covalent bond: A "dative bond" is a specific kind of covalent chemical bond where the pair of electrons shared between two atoms originates entirely from a single atom (the donor), rather than one electron coming from each atom.
   • Synonymous with coordinate covalent bond: This term is essentially synonymous with "coordinate covalent bond" or "coordinate bond," describing the same bonding mechanism.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • The formation of an ammonium ion from ammonia and a hydrogen ion involves a dative bond.
  • In the compound carbon monoxide, the bond between carbon and oxygen is often described as having dative bond character.
  • The chemist explained how a dative bond differs from a standard covalent bond.

Advanced Usage

• "Dative bond" in coordination chemistry: This term is frequently used in the context of coordination compounds, where a central metal ion accepts electron pairs from ligands via dative bonds.
  • The complex ion [Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺ is held together by dative bonds from the nitrogen atoms of the ammonia molecules to the copper ion.

Variants and Related Words

• Coordinate bond (n): Another term for a dative bond.
• Coordinate covalent bond (n): The full technical term synonymous with dative bond.
• Donor-acceptor bond (n): A descriptive term highlighting the electron donor and acceptor roles.

Synonyms

• Coordinate bond
• Coordinate covalent bond
• Semipolar bond (an older, less common term)

Related Phrases and Concepts

• Lewis acid-base adduct: The product formed when a Lewis base (electron pair donor) forms a dative bond with a Lewis acid (electron pair acceptor).
• Ligand-to-metal bond: In inorganic chemistry, this often refers to a dative bond from a ligand to a central metal atom.

Noun

1. a covalent bond in which both electrons are provided by one of the atoms