deoxycytidine

Thân thiện

A scientist examines a molecular model of deoxycytidine in a laboratory.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A nucleoside component of DNA: Deoxycytidine is a fundamental building block of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). It is composed of the nucleobase cytosine linked to the sugar deoxyribose.

Examples of Usage

• Noun:
  • Deoxycytidine is one of the four nucleosides that make up DNA.
  • The enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of deoxycytidine to form its corresponding nucleotide.
  • Researchers studied the incorporation of a modified deoxycytidine into the DNA strand.

Advanced Usage

• "Deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP)": The phosphorylated form of deoxycytidine, which is the actual nucleotide monomer incorporated into a DNA chain.

  • DNA polymerase adds deoxycytidine monophosphate to the growing strand complementary to a guanine base on the template.

• "Deoxycytidine kinase": An enzyme responsible for the phosphorylation of deoxycytidine, a key step in the nucleotide salvage pathway.

  • The activity of deoxycytidine kinase is crucial for the activation of certain antiviral and anticancer drugs.

Variants and Related Words

• Cytidine (noun): The ribonucleoside counterpart, composed of cytosine and ribose, which is a component of RNA.

  • Cytidine and deoxycytidine differ by a single oxygen atom on the sugar moiety.

• Deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) (noun): The triphosphate form, which is the direct substrate used by DNA polymerase during DNA synthesis.

  • The replication fork requires a steady supply of dATP, dTTP, dGTP, and dCTP.

Synonyms

• dC (abbreviation): A common shorthand for deoxycytidine in biochemical contexts.
• 2'-Deoxycytidine (noun): The systematic chemical name, specifying the deoxy position on the ribose sugar.

Related Phrases and Compounds

• Deoxycytidine analogue (noun phrase): A synthetic compound structurally similar to deoxycytidine, often used in antiviral or chemotherapy drugs.

  • The drug is a deoxycytidine analogue that inhibits viral DNA polymerase.

• Deoxycytidine deaminase (noun phrase): An enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of deoxycytidine to form deoxyuridine.

  • The activity of deoxycytidine deaminase influences the intracellular pool of nucleotides.

Học thuật

Noun

1. a nucleoside component of DNA; composed of cytosine and deoxyribose

Từ đồng nghĩa

• cytidine