Definition

1. Proper noun:
   • Dorothy Hodgkin: An English chemist (born in Egypt) who used the technique of X-ray crystallography to determine the three-dimensional structures of complex organic molecules, including penicillin, vitamin B12, and insulin. She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964 for her work.

Usage

• Proper noun:
  • Dorothy Hodgkin is celebrated for her pioneering work in protein crystallography.
  • The research conducted by Dorothy Hodgkin was crucial for understanding the molecular structure of antibiotics.

Advanced Usage

• "Hodgkin's work on...": Used to specify her contributions to a particular molecule or field.
  • Hodgkin's work on vitamin B12 provided deep insights into its biochemical function.
• "Following Hodgkin's methods...": Refers to the scientific techniques she developed or perfected.
  • Following Hodgkin's methods, the team was able to map the structure of the enzyme.

Variants and Related Words

• X-ray crystallography (n): The primary scientific technique used by Dorothy Hodgkin to determine molecular structures.
• Biomolecular structure (n): The three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a biological molecule, a key focus of Hodgkin's research.

Synonyms

• Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin: Her full name, which includes her maiden surname "Crowfoot."
• Nobel laureate in Chemistry: A term describing her achievement of winning the Nobel Prize in 1964.

Related Phrases

• To solve a structure: A phrase common in structural biology and chemistry, meaning to determine the three-dimensional atomic arrangement of a molecule, as Hodgkin did.
  • It took years to solve the structure of insulin, a task Hodgkin completed.

Related Idioms

(Note: As a proper noun referring to a specific person, there are no idioms directly using "Dorothy Hodgkin.")

Noun

1. English chemist (born in Egypt) who used crystallography to study the structure of organic compounds (1910-1994)