family name

/'fæmili'neim/
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Thân thiện
family name

The teacher writes the student's family name on the board.

Definition
  1. Noun:
    • The hereditary surname shared by members of a family: A "family name" is the part of a person's full name that indicates their family lineage, typically passed down from one generation to the next. It is used to identify the members of a family as a group, distinguishing them from other families.
Usage
  • The "family name" is commonly placed last in the naming order in many Western cultures (e.g., John Smith), but it can be placed first in other cultures (e.g., Kim Jong-un).
  • It is used in formal contexts, official documents, and to denote familial relationship.
  • Example: "Please write your given name first, followed by your family name on the application form."
Examples
  • Noun:
    • In her culture, the family name is passed from the father to the children.
    • The certificate requires your full family name as it appears on your passport.
    • They share the same family name, so they are likely related.
Advanced Usage
  • "Maiden name": The original family name of a woman before she marries and may adopt her spouse's family name.
    • Her maiden name was Johnson before she married and became Mrs. Carter.
  • "Née": Used to indicate a woman's family name at birth, often following her married name.
    • Jane Doe, née Smith. (Meaning Jane Doe, born with the family name Smith).
Variants and Related Words
  • Surname (n): A synonym for "family name."
    • His surname is of Irish origin.
  • Last name (n): Commonly used, especially in American English, to mean "family name."
    • What is your last name?
  • Patronymic (n): A name derived from the name of a father or ancestor, often serving as a family name.
    • The Icelandic naming system often uses patronymics.
Synonyms
  • Surname: The most direct synonym.
  • Last name: Common in everyday speech.
  • Cognomen: A more formal or historical term for a family name or nickname.
Related Phrases
  • "To carry the family name": To bear the surname of one's family, often implying the continuation of a lineage.
    • As the only son, he felt pressure to carry the family name forward.
  • "A good family name": Refers to a surname associated with a respectable or prestigious family.
    • They come from a good family name known for its philanthropy.
family name

The teacher writes the student's family name on the board.

Noun
  1. the name used to identify the members of a family (as distinguished from each member's given name)

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