fatty acid

Thân thiện

A scientist points to a diagram of a fatty acid molecule on a whiteboard.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A type of carboxylic acid: A "fatty acid" is an organic molecule characterized by a long hydrocarbon chain (typically 12 to 22 carbon atoms) and a terminal carboxyl group (-COOH). It is a fundamental component of lipids like fats and oils.
   • A building block of fats: In biochemistry, a "fatty acid" is one of the primary units that, when combined with glycerol, forms more complex lipid molecules such as triglycerides, which are the main constituents of body fat and dietary fats.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Olive oil is rich in a monounsaturated fatty acid called oleic acid.
  • Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish, are considered essential for human health.
  • The hydrolysis of a fat molecule releases fatty acids and glycerol.

Advanced Usage

• "Essential fatty acid": A fatty acid that the body cannot synthesize and must be obtained from the diet, such as linoleic acid or alpha-linolenic acid.
  • Nutritionists emphasize the importance of consuming foods containing essential fatty acids.
• "Free fatty acid": A fatty acid that is not esterified to another molecule like glycerol; often a product of fat breakdown.
  • An increase in free fatty acids in the blood can be a metabolic indicator.

Variants and Related Words

• Fatty (adj): Containing a lot of fat. (Note: This is a separate adjective, not a direct variant of "fatty acid").
  • Fatty foods are often high in saturated fatty acids.
• Lipid (n): A broad class of organic compounds that are insoluble in water, including fats, oils, and waxes, which are often built from fatty acids.
• Triglyceride (n): A lipid molecule formed from three fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol backbone.

Synonyms

• Carboxylic acid (in a broad chemical sense, though this is a much larger class of compounds).
• Aliphatic acid (a more technical synonym emphasizing the chain structure).

Related Phrases

• Fatty acid profile: The composition and proportion of different fatty acids in a substance.
  • The fatty acid profile of coconut oil shows a high concentration of saturated fats.
• Fatty acid synthesis: The metabolic process by which the body produces fatty acids.
  • Fatty acid synthesis is upregulated when carbohydrate intake is high.

Học thuật

Noun

1. any of a class of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that form part of a lipid molecule and can be derived from fat by hydrolysis; fatty acids are simple molecules built around a series of carbon atoms linked together in a chain of 12 to 22 carbon atoms