half-life

/'hɑ:flaif/

Thân thiện

The scientist measures the half-life of the radioactive sample.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • The time required for a quantity to reduce to half its initial value: In physics and chemistry, "half-life" specifically describes the time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample of a radioactive substance to decay or disintegrate.
   • A period of decline or reduction: More broadly, it can metaphorically describe the time it takes for something (e.g., the effectiveness of a drug, the popularity of a trend) to decrease by half.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • The half-life of carbon-14 is approximately 5,730 years.
  • The medication has a biological half-life of about six hours in the human body.
  • In the tech industry, the half-life of a specific programming skill can be very short.

Advanced Usage

• "Biological half-life": The time required for the amount of a particular substance (like a drug) in a biological system to be reduced to half its initial value by biological processes.
  • The biological half-life of caffeine varies from person to person.
• "Effective half-life": In medicine, the time required for the radioactivity in a body to be reduced by half, considering both physical decay and biological elimination.
  • The effective half-life of the radiopharmaceutical determines the dosage schedule.

Variants and Related Words

• Half-lives (n): The plural form of "half-life".
  • Different isotopes have vastly different half-lives.
• Half-life period (n): A less common but synonymous phrase.
  • Scientists measured the half-life period of the new element.

Synonyms

• Decay constant (related): A constant in the exponential decay equation, inversely related to half-life.
• Disintegration period (related): A descriptive term for the time of radioactive decay.

Related Phrases

• "To have a short/long half-life": Describes the duration of the half-life period.
  • Plutonium-239 has a very long half-life, posing a long-term storage problem.
  • News on social media often has an extremely short half-life.

Related Idioms

• "Half-life of knowledge": A metaphorical idiom describing how quickly acquired knowledge or information becomes obsolete.
  • In our fast-paced world, professionals must continuously learn due to the shrinking half-life of knowledge.

Học thuật

Noun

1. the time required for something to fall to half its initial value (in particular, the time for half the atoms in a radioactive substance to disintegrate)

Từ đồng nghĩa

• half life