halide
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Definition
Noun: A halide is a chemical compound in which one or more halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, or astatine) are bonded to another element or radical, typically a metal. It is a salt derived from a halogen acid.
Usage
The term is used primarily in chemistry to classify and describe specific ionic or covalent compounds containing halogens. It often refers to binary compounds where the halogen is the more electronegative element.
Examples
- Silver chloride is a common halide used in photographic film.
- Sodium chloride, or table salt, is the most familiar halide.
- The mineral fluorite is a calcium halide.
- Methyl iodide is an organic halide.
Advanced Usage
- Halide lamp: A type of high-intensity discharge lamp that uses metal halides to produce light. (Note: This is a compound term listed separately as a variant).
- In organic chemistry, an alkyl halide (or haloalkane) is an alkane where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by halogen atoms.
Variants and Related Words
- Halogen (noun): Any of the five chemically related, highly reactive nonmetallic elements in Group 17 of the periodic table (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine).
- Halide ion (noun): A negatively charged ion of a halogen atom (e.g., F⁻, Cl⁻, Br⁻, I⁻).
- Metal halide (noun): A compound between a metal and a halogen.
- Pseudohalide (noun): A univalent group or ion that resembles a halide ion in its chemistry (e.g., cyanide, CN⁻).
Synonyms
- Halogen salt
- Halogen compound
Related Phrases
- Halide mineral: A naturally occurring mineral where a halogen is an essential anion (e.g., halite, NaCl).
- Acyl halide: An organic compound derived from a carboxylic acid by replacing the hydroxyl group with a halogen.