hydrogen

/'haidridʤən/
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hydrogen

A scientist carefully fills a balloon with hydrogen gas.

Definition
  1. Noun:
    • A chemical element: Hydrogen is a nonmetallic, univalent element. It is normally a colorless, odorless, highly flammable diatomic gas. It is the simplest, lightest, and most abundant chemical element in the universe.
Usage
  • Hydrogen is represented by the symbol H and has the atomic number 1.
  • It is a fundamental component of water (H₂O) and most organic compounds.
  • As a gas (H₂), it is used in various industrial processes and as a potential clean fuel.
Examples
  • Noun:
    • Stars like the Sun are primarily composed of hydrogen and helium.
    • The laboratory experiment involved collecting hydrogen over water.
    • Hydrogen fuel cells produce electricity through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen.
Advanced Usage
  • "Hydrogen bond": A weak electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom in one molecule and an electronegative atom (like oxygen or nitrogen) in another. This bond is crucial in biology and chemistry.

    • The unique properties of water are largely due to hydrogen bonds between its molecules.
  • "Atomic hydrogen": Hydrogen in its monatomic form (H), as opposed to its more common diatomic molecular form (H₂).

    • Atomic hydrogen is highly reactive and is used in certain welding processes.
Variants and Related Words
  • Deuterium (n): An isotope of hydrogen (²H or D) with one neutron in its nucleus, often called "heavy hydrogen."

    • Deuterium is used in nuclear reactors and as a tracer in chemical reactions.
  • Tritium (n): A radioactive isotope of hydrogen (³H or T) with two neutrons in its nucleus.

    • Tritium is used in self-luminous devices like exit signs.
  • Hydrogenate (v): To treat or combine with hydrogen, often in reference to fats and oils.

    • Food manufacturers sometimes hydrogenate vegetable oils to make them more solid.
Synonyms
  • Element 1: Referring to its position on the periodic table.
  • H: Its chemical symbol.
Related Phrases
  • "Hydrogen peroxide": A chemical compound with the formula H₂O₂, used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent.

    • She used hydrogen peroxide to clean the minor cut.
  • "Hydrogen sulfide": A toxic gas with the formula H₂S, known for its characteristic rotten egg smell.

    • The presence of hydrogen sulfide in the well water was a cause for concern.
hydrogen

A scientist carefully fills a balloon with hydrogen gas.

Noun
  1. a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe