isoagglutinin

Thân thiện

A scientist observes isoagglutinin causing red blood cells to clump together under a microscope.

Definition

Noun: 1. An isoagglutinin is an antibody produced within an individual that causes the clumping together (agglutination) of red blood cells from other individuals of the same species. This is a specialized term used primarily in immunology and hematology. It refers to antibodies that react against antigens on red blood cells within the same species, such as the anti-A or anti-B antibodies found in human blood groups.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • The presence of a specific isoagglutinin in the plasma determines an individual's blood type compatibility for transfusions.
  • Before the discovery of blood groups, isoagglutinins were responsible for many fatal transfusion reactions.
  • The laboratory test detected a high titer of the isoagglutinin.

Advanced Usage

• "Natural isoagglutinin": Refers to antibodies like anti-A and anti-B that are regularly present in human plasma without prior exposure to foreign red blood cells, based on an individual's own blood type.
  • A person with blood type O has both anti-A and anti-B natural isoagglutinins in their serum.

Variants and Related Words

• Agglutinin (n): A more general term for any antibody that causes agglutination of cells or particles.
• Isoagglutinogen (n): The corresponding red blood cell antigen that stimulates the production of an isoagglutinin. For example, the A antigen is the isoagglutinogen for the anti-A isoagglutinin.

Synonyms

• Isohemagglutinin (n): A synonym often used interchangeably with isoagglutinin, specifically emphasizing the agglutination of red blood cells ( relates to blood).

Notes on Meaning

This is a highly specialized scientific term with one primary definition. Its usage is almost exclusively confined to medical, biological, and laboratory contexts concerning blood typing, immunology, and transfusion medicine.

Học thuật

Noun

1. an antibody produced by one individual that causes agglutination of red blood cells in other individuals of the same species