jr.

Thân thiện

John Smith Jr. plays catch with his father in the park.

Definition

Adjective: - A suffix indicating a younger person with the same name as an older relative: Used primarily after a man's name to distinguish him, typically a son, from his father who has the identical full name. It is an abbreviation for "Junior."

Usage

• The suffix "Jr." is placed after a person's full name, following a comma.
• It is used formally to differentiate between two living or historical individuals within the same family, most commonly father and son.
• When the father (Sr.) dies, the son may choose to stop using "Jr.," but this is not a strict rule.

Examples

Advanced Usage

• Generational Suffixes: In cases with more than two generations, "II" (the second), "III" (the third), etc., are used instead of "Jr." and "Sr."
• Punctuation: The period is standard in American English as it is an abbreviation. It is sometimes written without the period (e.g., "Jr") in less formal or British contexts, but "Jr." is the most recognized form.
• Women's Names: While less traditional, "Jr." can be used for a daughter named after her mother (e.g., Anna Ford, Jr.). The feminine form "Junior" is sometimes written out.

Variants and Related Words

• Junior (adj.): Of lower standing or position; younger. Example:
• Senior (Sr.) (adj.): The contrasting suffix used for the older person with the same name.
• II, III, IV (Suffix): Numeric suffixes used for namesakes beyond the first two (e.g., William Ford II).

Synonyms

• The Younger: A descriptive phrase sometimes used in formal or historical contexts (e.g., Pliny the Younger).
• Son of: A more explanatory phrase (e.g., John, son of John).

Notes on Meaning

• The core meaning is relational and comparative, denoting the younger of two namesakes.
• It carries a formal, legal, or official connotation, often seen on documents, formal correspondence, and in historical records.
• Informally, within families, nicknames are often used instead of the suffix.

Học thuật

Adjective

1. used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father
   • John Junior
   • John Smith, Jr.

Từ đồng nghĩa

• younger