micelle

/mai'selə/ Cách viết khác : (micelle) /mi'sel/

Thân thiện

A soap molecule forms a micelle in water to trap a grease droplet.

Definition

Noun: 1. A submicroscopic aggregate of molecules: A micelle is a tiny, electrically charged particle or cluster that forms spontaneously in certain solutions when specific molecules, called surfactants or amphiphiles, arrange themselves with their hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts pointing inward and their hydrophilic (water-attracting) parts pointing outward into the surrounding liquid. 2. A structure in colloidal solutions: In chemistry and biology, it refers to an organized assembly of molecules, such as soaps or detergents, that is crucial for processes like cleaning, emulsification, and the digestion of fats.

Examples of Usage

• Noun:
  • Soap cleans by forming a micelle around grease particles, allowing them to be washed away.
  • In the digestive system, bile salts create micelles to help absorb fat-soluble vitamins.
  • The critical micelle concentration is the point at which surfactant molecules begin to form these structures.

Advanced Usage

• "Reverse micelle": A micelle formed in a non-polar solvent (like oil), where the orientation is inverted: the hydrophilic parts cluster inward, and the hydrophobic parts face outward.
  • Reverse micelles are used in some chemical synthesis processes to create nanoparticles.
• "Micellar solution": A solution containing micelles.
  • Micellar water is a popular skincare product that uses micelles to gently remove makeup and dirt.

Variants and Related Words

• Micellar (adj): Of or relating to micelles.
  • The micellar structure is key to the product's effectiveness.
• Micellization (n): The process of forming micelles.

Synonyms

• Aggregate (in a chemical context): A cluster of molecules.
• Colloidal particle: A particle of colloidal size, which includes micelles.

Related Phrases and Terms

• Critical micelle concentration (CMC): The specific concentration of surfactant above which micelles form.
  • The detergent's efficiency depends on it being used above its critical micelle concentration.
• Micelle core: The inner, typically hydrophobic, region of a micelle.
  • Oil droplets are trapped within the micelle core during emulsification.

Học thuật

Noun

1. an electrically charged particle built up from polymeric molecules or ions and occurring in certain colloidal electrolytic solutions like soaps and detergents