mitochondrion
Definition
- Noun:
- A membrane-bound organelle found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, containing enzymes responsible for producing energy (ATP) through cellular respiration: A mitochondrion is often described as the "powerhouse" of the cell.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- The mitochondrion is essential for converting nutrients into energy.
- Scientists studied the structure of the mitochondrion to understand cellular metabolism.
- Each muscle cell contains hundreds of mitochondria to meet its high energy demands.
Advanced Usage
"Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)": The small amount of genetic material contained within a mitochondrion, which is inherited maternally.
- Mitochondrial DNA is used in genealogical research to trace maternal lineage.
"Mitochondrial dysfunction": A state where mitochondria fail to produce sufficient energy, often linked to various diseases.
- Researchers are investigating the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders.
Variants and Related Words
Mitochondria (n, plural): The plural form of mitochondrion.
- The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary.
Mitochondrial (adj): Relating to or characteristic of a mitochondrion.
- The mitochondrial membrane has a unique double-layered structure.
Synonyms
- Powerhouse of the cell: A common descriptive synonym.
- Energy-producing organelle: A functional synonym describing its primary role.
Related Phrases
"Mitochondrial Eve": A term in genetics referring to the most recent common matrilineal ancestor of all living humans.
- The concept of Mitochondrial Eve is based on tracing mutations in mitochondrial DNA.
"Mitochondrial biogenesis": The process by which new mitochondria are formed in the cell.
- Exercise can stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle tissue.
Noun
-
an organelle containing enzymes responsible for producing energy
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