molar concentration
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Noun:
- A measure of concentration in chemistry: Molar concentration is the amount of a substance (solute), measured in moles, present in one liter of solution. It is a standard unit for expressing the concentration of a chemical species in a solution.
Usage
- Molar concentration is a fundamental concept in chemistry used to perform quantitative calculations involving solutions, such as in dilution, reaction stoichiometry, and equilibrium.
- It is typically denoted by the symbol M (e.g., a 0.5 M solution) or by square brackets around the chemical formula (e.g., [NaCl]).
- The formula for calculating molar concentration is: Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution.
Examples
- Noun:
- The experiment requires a sodium chloride solution with a molar concentration of 0.1 M.
- To calculate the mass needed, you must first know the desired molar concentration and the volume of the solution.
- Increasing the molar concentration of the acid will speed up the reaction.
Advanced Usage
- "Standard solution": A solution whose precise molar concentration is known, used in titrations.
- The chemist prepared a standard solution of potassium permanganate with a molar concentration of 0.02 M for the titration.
Variants and Related Words
- Molarity (n): A synonym for molar concentration. The terms are often used interchangeably.
- The molarity of the solution was too high for the sensitive assay.
- Molality (n): A different concentration unit defined as moles of solute per kilogram of solvent, not per liter of solution.
- Concentration (n): The general term for the amount of a substance per defined space. Molar concentration is a specific type of concentration.
Synonyms
- Molarity: The most direct synonym.
- Molar: Used adjectivally (e.g., molar solution).
Related Phrases
- "Molar concentration of...": The standard phrasing to specify the solute.
- We need to determine the molar concentration of hydroxide ions in the sample.
Noun
- concentration measured by the number of moles of solute per liter of solution