monatomic

Thân thiện

A scientist explains that helium is a monatomic gas.

Definition

1. Adjective:
   • Consisting of single atoms: Describes a chemical element or substance whose particles are individual, unbonded atoms rather than molecules composed of multiple atoms bonded together.
   • Relating to single atoms: Pertaining to the properties, behavior, or state of isolated atoms.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Noble gases like helium and neon are typically monatomic under standard conditions.
  • In this high-temperature plasma, the gas becomes monatomic.
  • The monatomic nature of argon makes it chemically inert.

Advanced Usage

• Scientific Context: The term is primarily used in chemistry and physics to describe the physical state or molecularity of a substance.
  • Monatomic ions, such as Na⁺ or Cl⁻, are single atoms that carry an electric charge.
• Contrast with Diatomic/Polyatomic: Used to distinguish from elements that naturally exist as molecules (e.g., O₂ is diatomic; O₃, ozone, is triatomic).
  • Unlike monatomic argon, oxygen in the air is diatomic.

Variants and Related Words

• Monoatomic: An alternative, less common spelling with the same meaning.
• Atomic (adj): Relating to atoms. (Note: "Atomic" is a broader term; "monatomic" specifies a state of being single, unbonded atoms.)

Synonyms

• One-atom (descriptive phrase, not a standard synonym).
• Uncombined atomic (descriptive phrase).

Antonyms

• Diatomic: Consisting of two atoms.
• Polyatomic: Consisting of multiple (more than two) atoms.
• Molecular: Consisting of molecules.

Học thuật

Adjective

1. of or relating to an element consisting of a single atom
   • helium and argon are monatomic gases

Từ đồng nghĩa

• monoatomic