monophthalmos
Proper noun A historical figure: a general serving under Alexander the Great who later became a king of Macedonia, noted for having lost one eye. He was a major figure in the wars following Alexander's death and was killed in battle.
This word is used almost exclusively as a proper noun to refer to the specific historical person. * Historical and biographical texts frequently mention Monophthalmos in accounts of the Hellenistic period. * The epithet "Monophthalmos" (meaning "one-eyed") is used to distinguish him from other generals and successors of Alexander.
- fought to control a portion of the empire.*
- at the Battle of Ipsus.*
- The term is often paired with his personal name, Antigonus, forming Antigonus Monophthalmos. This is the standard form used in academic and historical writing to identify him unambiguously.
- The word itself, from Greek (single) and (eye), can be analyzed as a descriptive epithet rather than a standalone common noun in this context.
- Antigonus Cyclops: Another epithet for the same historical figure, also meaning "one-eyed."
- Diadochi: The collective term for the successors of Alexander the Great, among whom Monophthalmos was a leading member.
- Antigonus I: The most precise and common synonym, using his regnal name.
- Antigonus the One-Eyed: A direct English translation of the epithet.
This is a highly specific proper noun with a single referent. It does not have general meanings (e.g., it is not a medical term for a one-eyed condition). Its usage is confined to historical discourse about the Hellenistic era.
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a general of Alexander the Great and king of Macedonia; lost one eye; killed in a battle at Ipsus (382-301 BC)
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