neanderthal

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neanderthal

A museum display shows a reconstructed Neanderthal skull next to a modern human skull.

Definition

  1. Noun:

    • An extinct species of human: A member of an extinct subspecies of archaic humans (Homo neanderthalensis) who lived in Europe and western Asia during the Middle Paleolithic period, known for their robust build and associated with Mousterian tool culture.

  2. Adjective:

    • Relating to Neanderthals: Pertaining to or characteristic of the extinct Neanderthal humans.
    • (Informal, derogatory) Primitive, boorish: Behaving in a manner that is perceived as uncivilized, crude, ill-mannered, or oafish.
Usage Examples

  • Noun:

    • Scientists have extracted DNA from a Neanderthal fossil.
    • The discovery of a Neanderthal burial site suggests complex social behavior.

  • Adjective (relating to the species):

    • The museum has an impressive collection of Neanderthal tools.
    • Studies of Neanderthal anatomy reveal adaptations to cold climates.

  • Adjective (informal/derogatory):

    • His Neanderthal attitude towards women was completely unacceptable.
    • She dismissed his crude joke as Neanderthal humor.
Advanced Usage
  • "Neanderthal" as a pejorative: Used metaphorically to criticize someone's perceived lack of sophistication, empathy, or modern sensibility.
    • The policy was criticized as a Neanderthal approach to a complex social issue.
Variants and Related Words
  • Neanderthalic (adj): Resembling or characteristic of a Neanderthal. (Less common)
  • Neanderthaloid (adj): Having physical features thought to be reminiscent of Neanderthals.
Synonyms
  • Noun (for the species): Neanderthal man, .
  • Adjective (derogatory sense): Boorish, loutish, oafish, uncouth, crude, primitive, swinish.
Notes on Meaning
  • The primary, scientific meaning refers to a specific extinct hominin.
  • The informal, derogatory usage is based on outdated and inaccurate stereotypes of Neanderthals as solely brutish and unintelligent. Modern science shows they had complex behaviors, making this colloquial use pejorative and scientifically inaccurate.
neanderthal

A museum display shows a reconstructed Neanderthal skull next to a modern human skull.

Adjective
  1. relating to or belonging to or resembling Neanderthal man
    • Neanderthal skull
  2. ill-mannered and coarse and contemptible in behavior or appearance
    • was boorish and insensitive
    • the loutish manners of a bully
    • her stupid oafish husband
    • aristocratic contempt for the swinish multitude
Noun
  1. extinct robust human of Middle Paleolithic in Europe and western Asia

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