Definition

1. Noun:
   • Any acid of iodine that contains oxygen: A specific class of chemical compounds where iodine is the central atom bonded to oxygen and hydrogen atoms. These are oxyacids of iodine, with periodic acid (HIO₄) being the most well-known example.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Periodic acid is commonly used in organic chemistry to cleave carbon-carbon bonds in certain sugars.
  • The structure of periodic acid can vary, forming different hydrates.

Advanced Usage

• "Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain": A common histological staining technique used to detect polysaccharides like glycogen and glycoproteins. The "periodic acid" component specifically oxidizes certain chemical bonds to create aldehyde groups that then react with the Schiff reagent.
  • The pathologist used a periodic acid-Schiff stain to highlight the basement membrane in the tissue sample.

Variants and Related Words

• Periodate (n): The salt or ester form of periodic acid, containing the anion IO₄⁻.
  • Sodium periodate is a common oxidizing agent derived from periodic acid.

Synonyms

• Iodic(VII) acid: A systematic name referring to the oxidation state of iodine (+7) in the compound HIO₄.

Noun

1. any acid of iodine that contains oxygen