polymerise

/'pɔliməraiz/ Cách viết khác : (polymerise) /'pɔliməraiz/

Thân thiện

The chemist polymerises the liquid monomer in a beaker.

Definition

1. Verb (intransitive):

   • To undergo the chemical process of polymerization, where many small molecules (monomers) combine to form a larger, chain-like molecule (a polymer).

2. Verb (transitive):

   • To cause a compound or substance to undergo polymerization; to subject monomers to a reaction that links them together into a polymer.

Usage and Examples

• Intransitive Verb (to undergo the process):

  • Under heat and pressure, the monomers will polymerise to form a solid plastic.
  • The substance began to polymerise spontaneously, creating long molecular chains.

• Transitive Verb (to cause the process):

  • The chemist used a catalyst to polymerise the ethylene gas into polyethylene.
  • This initiator helps polymerise the liquid resin into a durable coating.

Advanced Usage and Notes

• Scientific Context: The term is primarily used in chemistry, materials science, and industrial manufacturing. The spelling "polymerise" is common in British English, while "polymerize" is the standard American English spelling.
• Process Description: Polymerisation can occur through various mechanisms, such as addition or condensation polymerisation.

Variants and Related Words

• Polymerisation (n, British English) / Polymerization (n, American English): The process or result of polymerising.
  • The polymerisation was complete in under an hour.
• Polymer (n): The large molecule formed by the polymerisation of monomers.
  • Polypropylene is a common polymer.
• Monomer (n): A small molecule that can combine with others to form a polymer.
  • Ethylene is the monomer for polyethylene.

Synonyms

• Polymerize (verb, American spelling): The direct synonym with identical meaning.
• Combine (verb, general): In a very broad, non-technical sense, as polymerisation is a specific type of combination.

Phrasal Verbs / Common Collocations

• To polymerise into: To form a specific polymer as a result.
  • The solution polymerised into a gel-like substance.

Học thuật

Verb

1. undergo polymerization
2. cause (a compound) to polymerize

Từ đồng nghĩa

• polymerize