polyploidy

Thân thiện

A scientist examines a polyploidy plant under a microscope.

Definition

Noun: - The condition of being polyploid: This refers to the state in which a cell or organism possesses more than two complete sets of chromosomes. It is a common phenomenon in the plant kingdom and can occur naturally or be induced.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Polyploidy is a major mechanism of sympatric speciation in plants.
  • Scientists studied the effects of polyploidy on the plant's size and fertility.
  • The evolution of many crop species, such as wheat, involved events of polyploidy.

Advanced Usage

• "Autopolyploidy": A type of polyploidy where the multiple chromosome sets are derived from a single species.
  • Autopolyploidy can result from the failure of chromosomes to separate during cell division.
• "Allopolyploidy": A type of polyploidy where the chromosome sets come from two or more different species.
  • Allopolyploidy, often resulting from hybridization, is a key driver of plant evolution.

Variants and Related Words

• Polyploid (adj): Describing a cell or organism that has more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes.
  • The polyploid strawberry plant produced larger fruit.
• Diploidy (n): The condition of having two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. This is the contrasting typical state for most animal somatic cells.
• Aneuploidy (n): The condition of having an abnormal number of chromosomes, not an exact multiple of the haploid set. This is a related but distinct concept from polyploidy.

Synonyms

• Genome duplication: A process that can lead to a polyploid state.
• Whole-genome multiplication: Another term describing the multiplication of entire chromosome sets.

Related Terms and Concepts

• Chromosome set: A complete set of chromosomes (e.g., haploid , diploid ). Polyploidy involves multiples of this set (e.g., triploid , tetraploid ).
• Endopolyploidy: The condition where polyploidy occurs in specific cells or tissues within an otherwise diploid organism.
  • Endopolyploidy is common in certain insect tissues and in some plant cells.

Học thuật

Noun

1. the condition of being polyploid