propionaldehyde
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun A colorless, flammable liquid with a pungent, fruity odor. Chemically, it is the simplest alkyl aldehyde after formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, with the formula C₂H₅CHO or CH₃CH₂CHO. It is an important intermediate in organic synthesis and industrial chemistry.
Usage
Propionaldehyde is used as a specific chemical name. It is a countable noun when referring to discrete quantities or samples. * The laboratory synthesized propionaldehyde for the reaction series. * Propionaldehyde is a key starting material for producing trimethylolethane. * The characteristic smell in the lab was identified as propionaldehyde.
Advanced Usage
- In industrial contexts, propionaldehyde is often discussed in terms of its production (e.g., via hydroformylation of ethylene), storage (as it is flammable and reactive), and downstream applications.
- In chemical nomenclature, its systematic IUPAC name is propanal. The common name "propionaldehyde" is derived from "propionic acid," which is its oxidation product.
Variants and Related Words
- Propanal (noun): The systematic IUPAC name for propionaldehyde.
- Aldehyde (noun): The general class of organic compounds to which propionaldehyde belongs, characterized by a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to at least one hydrogen atom.
- Propionyl (prefix/radical): The acyl group (CH₃CH₂C=O-) derived from propionic acid, related to but distinct from the aldehyde.
Synonyms
- Propanal (Primary synonym, used in formal chemical contexts)
Related Phrases / Compound Terms
- Propionaldehyde derivative: Any compound synthesized from or containing the propionaldehyde structure.
- Propionaldehyde oxime: A specific derivative where the carbonyl group (C=O) of propionaldehyde is converted to a hydroxylamine group (C=N-OH).
Noun
- a colorless liquid aldehyde