raceme

/rə'si:m/

Thân thiện

A gardener admires a long raceme of purple flowers in the garden.

Definition

1. Noun (Botany):
   • An unbranched, elongated inflorescence (flower cluster) with flowers attached by short stalks (pedicels) along a central stem (rachis), where the flowers at the base (bottom) open first and maturation progresses toward the apex (top).

Usage

• The term "raceme" is used specifically in botany to describe a common type of flower arrangement.
• It is a countable noun (e.g., a raceme, several racemes).

Examples

• The garden's lupines displayed beautiful purple racemes.
• Botanists noted that the plant's inflorescence was a typical raceme, with the oldest flowers at the bottom.
• A simple raceme is a fundamental structure from which more complex flower clusters, like panicles, are derived.

Advanced Usage & Scientific Context

• Indeterminate Inflorescence: A raceme is classified as an indeterminate inflorescence, meaning the growing tip of the stem continues to produce new flower buds while the lower ones bloom.
• Comparison with Other Inflorescences:
  • Vs. Spike: In a spike, flowers are sessile (lack stalks) and attached directly to the main stem.
  • Vs. Panicle: A panicle is a branched raceme; it is a compound inflorescence with branches that are themselves racemose.
  • Vs. Corymb: In a corymb, the lower flower stalks are longer, bringing all flowers to roughly the same level, forming a flat-topped cluster.

Variants and Related Words

• Racemose (adjective): Having or growing in the form of a raceme. Describes the pattern of flower arrangement.
  • The plant has a racemose inflorescence.
• Racemiform (adjective): Having the shape or form of a raceme.

Synonyms

• Cluster (general term for a group of flowers).
• Inflorescence (general term for the complete flower head of a plant, including its arrangement).

Notes on Meaning

• The defining characteristic of a raceme is the acropetal sequence of flowering: from base to tip.
• Common plants with racemes include foxglove (), lily of the valley (), and snapdragon ().

Học thuật

Noun

1. usually elongate cluster of flowers along the main stem in which the flowers at the base open first