roughness

/'rʌfnis/

Thân thiện

The carpenter sanded the wood to remove its roughness.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A texture that is not smooth: The quality of a surface or edge being uneven, irregular, or coarse to the touch.
   • Harshness or severity in speech or behavior: The quality of being unrefined, abrupt, or lacking gentleness in manner or tone.
   • The quality of being unpleasant to the senses: A harsh, grating, or jarring quality, especially in sound or appearance.
   • Used of the sea: The state of the sea being agitated, stormy, or turbulent.
   • Rowdy or disorderly behavior: Conduct that is boisterous, noisy, or uncontrolled.

Examples of Usage

• Noun:
  • The roughness of the sandpaper is measured by its grit. (The uneven texture of the sandpaper...)
  • He apologized for the roughness of his remarks. (He apologized for the harshness of his remarks.)
  • The roughness of the fabric irritated her skin. (The coarse texture of the fabric...)
  • The sailors were warned about the roughness of the sea. (The sailors were warned about the stormy state of the sea.)
  • The roughness of the crowd made the event difficult to manage. (The rowdy behavior of the crowd...)

Advanced Usage

• "to take the roughness with the smooth": to accept both the good and the bad aspects of a situation.
  • In any relationship, you have to learn to take the roughness with the smooth.
• In a technical/scientific context: "Roughness" can refer to a measurable surface property in engineering or materials science.
  • The engineer measured the surface roughness of the metal component.

Variants and Related Words

• Rough (adj): Having an uneven or irregular surface; not smooth or refined.
  • The rough road made for a bumpy ride.
• Roughly (adv): In a rough manner; approximately.
  • He spoke roughly to the intruder. / The project will cost roughly $1,000.
• Roughen (verb): To make or become rough.
  • The wind and salt had roughened his hands.

Synonyms

• Coarseness: The quality of being rough in texture or manner.
• Unevenness: The state of not being level or smooth.
• Harshness: The quality of being unpleasantly rough or severe.
• Turbulence: A state of violent disorder or agitation, often used for fluids like air or water.

Related Phrases

• A rough edge: A small area of imperfection or lack of polish, either literal or figurative.
  • The new policy has a few rough edges that need smoothing out.
• In rough water: Experiencing difficulties or a turbulent situation.
  • The company has been in rough water since the scandal broke.

Related Idioms

• Rough and ready: Simple, basic, and effective but not refined or finished.
  • Their accommodation was rough and ready, but it served its purpose.
• Rough it: To live in a simple, uncomfortable way without the usual comforts.
  • We're going to camp in the woods and really rough it this weekend.

Học thuật

Noun

1. harsh or severe speech or behavior
   • men associate the roughness of nonstandard working-class speech with masculinity
   • the roughness of her voice was a signal to keep quiet
2. the formation of small pits in a surface as a consequence of corrosion
3. rowdy behavior
4. used of the sea during inclement or stormy weather
5. an unpolished unrefined quality
   • the crudeness of frontier dwellings depressed her
6. the quality of being unpleasant (harsh or rough or grating) to the senses
7. a texture of a surface or edge that is not smooth but is irregular and uneven

Từ đồng nghĩa

• pitting
• indentation
• rowdiness
• rowdyism
• disorderliness
• choppiness
• rough water
• crudeness
• harshness
• raggedness