septicemia
/'septi'si:miə/ Cách viết khác : (septicemia) /'septi'si:miə/
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun: A serious, life-threatening medical condition characterized by the presence of pathogenic (disease-causing) microorganisms, such as bacteria or their toxins, in the bloodstream. This invasion typically originates from an initial localized site of infection elsewhere in the body.
Usage
"Septicemia" is a formal medical term. It describes a systemic infection that has spread through the blood. It is a critical condition requiring immediate medical intervention.
Examples
- The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of septicemia.
- A severe untreated wound can lead to septicemia.
- The rapid spread of the bacteria caused septicemia, complicating her recovery.
Advanced Usage
- Gram-negative septicemia: A specific type caused by Gram-negative bacteria, often associated with a severe immune response.
- Septicemia vs. Sepsis: In modern clinical terminology, "sepsis" is more commonly used. "Septicemia" often implies the detectable presence of microbes in the blood, while "sepsis" refers to the body's extreme, dysregulated response to that infection, which can lead to tissue damage and organ failure.
Variants and Related Words
- Septicemic (adjective): Relating to or affected by septicemia.
- The patient was in a septicemic state.
- Blood poisoning: A common, non-medical synonym for septicemia.
- Bacteremia: The presence of bacteria in the blood, which may or may not cause symptoms. Septicemia is a more severe form of bacteremia.
Synonyms
- Blood poisoning
- Sepsis (in modern clinical use, though technically distinct)
- Systemic infection
Antonyms
- Asepsis (the state of being free from disease-causing microorganisms)
- Sterility
Notes
The term "septicemia" is derived from Greek: septikos (putrefactive) and haima (blood). It is a critical diagnosis indicating a widespread infection that can rapidly progress to septic shock, a medical emergency.
Noun
- invasion of the bloodstream by virulent microorganisms from a focus of infection