Definition

1. Noun:

   • Imprisonment and exile: A state or condition of being both incarcerated and banished, often as a form of punishment. It combines the ideas of confinement in prison and forced removal to a remote location.
   • A period of harsh imprisonment: Refers to a prolonged and severe term of incarceration, typically under difficult conditions.

2. Verb:

   • To imprison and exile: The act of sentencing someone to both prison and banishment.
   • To subject to harsh imprisonment: To condemn someone to a severe and oppressive prison sentence.

Usage Examples

• Noun:

  • Họ phải chịu cảnh tù đày. (They had to endure imprisonment and exile.)
  • Mười năm tù đày đã làm thay đổi con người ông ấy. (Ten years of harsh imprisonment changed him as a person.)

• Verb:

  • Chế độ cũ đã tù đày nhiều nhà cách mạng. (The old regime imprisoned and exiled many revolutionaries.)
  • Kẻ phản bội bị tù đày đến một hòn đảo xa xôi. (The traitor was imprisoned and exiled to a remote island.)

Advanced Usage

• The term often carries a strong historical and political connotation, referring to punishments meted out by authoritarian regimes or colonial powers.
• It can be used metaphorically to describe a state of feeling trapped or banished in a psychological or emotional sense.
  • Cảm giác cô đơn như một nhà tù, anh ấy sống trong sự tù đày tinh thần. (Loneliness was like a prison; he lived in a state of mental exile.)

Variants and Related Words

• Tù tội (n): Imprisonment, jail time. A more general term for incarceration.
• Lưu đày (v): To exile, to banish. Focuses more on the act of expulsion than the combination with imprisonment.
• Đày ải (v): To persecute, to torment (often through forced labor or exile). Suggests active mistreatment.

Synonyms

• Incarceration and banishment: The combined punishment of jail and exile.
• Hard labor / Penal servitude: A severe form of imprisonment involving forced work, often in exile.
• Captivity: The state of being imprisoned.

Related Idioms

• Tù đày khổ sai: To be sentenced to hard labor in exile. Emphasizes the punitive and exhausting aspect.
  • Những tù nhân chính trị bị kết án tù đày khổ sai. (The political prisoners were sentenced to hard labor in exile.)