Definition

1. Noun:
   • Private home / personal residence: Refers to a dwelling belonging to an individual or family, not to the state or a public institution. It emphasizes the private, non-public nature of the household.
   • Private sector / private individual: In an economic or social context, it can refer to private individuals, private citizens, or the private sector as distinct from the state or public entities.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Anh ấy làm việc cho một công ty tư gia. (He works for a private company.)
  • Tài sản tư gia được pháp luật bảo vệ. (Private property is protected by law.)
  • Cô ấy thích không khí ấm cúng của tư gia mình. (She likes the cozy atmosphere of her private home.)

Advanced Usage

• The term is formal and is often used in legal, administrative, or literary contexts to contrast with "công" (public/official). It can describe assets, workers, or enterprises that are privately owned.

Variants and Related Words

• Nhà tư: A synonym, also meaning a private home or private establishment.
  • Công nhân nhà tư có chế độ phúc lợi khác. (Workers in private establishments have different benefits.)

Synonyms

• Private home: A residence not open to the general public.
• Private individual: A person acting in a non-official capacity.
• Private sector: The part of the economy not under direct state control.

Related Idioms

• While "tư gia" itself is not commonly used in idioms, it relates to the conceptual pair "công tư" (public and private), which is used in phrases discussing conflicts of interest or the separation between public duty and private life.
  • Phân biệt rõ ràng giữa việc công và việc tư gia. (Clearly distinguish between public work and private matters.)