thiamine pyrophosphate

Thân thiện

A scientist adds thiamine pyrophosphate to a test tube in a laboratory.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A coenzyme important in respiration in the Krebs cycle: Thiamine pyrophosphate is a biologically active form of vitamin B1 (thiamine). It serves as a coenzyme, a molecule that assists enzymes in catalyzing biochemical reactions, specifically in cellular respiration processes like the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle).

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Thiamine pyrophosphate is essential for the decarboxylation of alpha-keto acids.
  • The enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase requires thiamine pyrophosphate as a cofactor.
  • A deficiency in thiamine can lead to reduced levels of thiamine pyrophosphate, impairing energy metabolism.

Advanced Usage

• Scientific Context: The term is primarily used in biochemistry, nutrition, and medicine. It is often abbreviated as TPP.
  • TPP (thiamine pyrophosphate) acts as a coenzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway as well.

Variants and Related Words

• Thiamine (noun): The vitamin B1 molecule itself, which is phosphorylated to become the active coenzyme.
  • Dietary thiamine is converted to thiamine pyrophosphate in the body.
• Cocarboxylase (noun): An older, less common synonym for thiamine pyrophosphate.
• Vitamin B1 (noun): The common nutritional name for thiamine.

Synonyms

• TPP (abbreviation): The standard biochemical abbreviation.
• Cocarboxylase: A historical synonym.

Related Phrases / Compound Terms

• Thiamine pyrophosphate deficiency: A lack of this coenzyme, often due to thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency.
  • Thiamine pyrophosphate deficiency can cause neurological problems.
• Thiamine pyrophosphate-dependent enzyme: An enzyme that requires TPP to function.
  • Transketolase is a thiamine pyrophosphate-dependent enzyme.

Học thuật

Noun

1. a coenzyme important in respiration in the Krebs cycle

Từ đồng nghĩa

• cocarboxylase