vaccinia

/væk'siniə/
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vaccinia

A veterinarian examines a cow with vaccinia on its udder.

Definition
  1. Noun:
    • A viral disease of cattle: A mild skin disease in cows, primarily affecting the udder. Historically, the virus from this disease was used to inoculate humans against smallpox.
    • The human skin lesion resulting from such inoculation: A localized infection in humans, deliberately induced by inoculation with the cowpox virus to confer immunity to smallpox. This infection typically lasts about three weeks and leaves a characteristic pitted scar.
Examples of Usage
  • Noun:
    • The farmer identified vaccinia in the herd by the lesions on the cows' udders.
    • The doctor explained that the vaccinia on the patient's arm was a normal reaction to the smallpox vaccine and would leave a small scar.
Advanced Usage
  • "Vaccinia virus": The specific virus that causes cowpox and is used as the basis for the smallpox vaccine.
    • The vaccinia virus is a key tool in immunology research.
Variants and Related Words
  • Cowpox (n): Often used synonymously with to refer to the disease in cattle. It is the source of the virus used for vaccination.
  • Vaccination (n): The act of administering a vaccine to produce immunity. The term is derived from (Latin for cow).
Synonyms
  • Cowpox (n): The common name for the disease in cattle.
  • Smallpox vaccine reaction (n): A descriptive term for the human lesion, though is the precise medical term.
Related Phrases
  • To contract vaccinia: To become infected with the vaccinia virus.
    • In rare cases, individuals can contract vaccinia from contact with a recently vaccinated person.
  • Vaccinia immune globulin (VIG): A treatment used for complications arising from the vaccinia virus.
    • Vaccinia immune globulin is administered to treat severe adverse reactions to the smallpox vaccine.
vaccinia

A veterinarian examines a cow with vaccinia on its udder.

Noun
  1. a viral disease of cattle causing a mild skin disease affecting the udder; formerly used to inoculate humans against smallpox
  2. a local infection induced in humans by inoculation with the virus causing cowpox in order to confer resistance to smallpox; normally lasts three weeks and leaves a pitted scar

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