viva-voce
Definition
- Adjective: Expressed orally; communicated by spoken word rather than in writing.
- Adverb: In a spoken, oral manner; by word of mouth.
Usage
The term 'viva-voce' is used to describe communication, examination, or reporting that is conducted or delivered through speech. It is a formal term, often found in academic, legal, or official contexts.
Examples
- Adjective:
- The committee required a viva-voce presentation from each candidate.
- The findings were summarized in a brief viva-voce account.
- Adverb:
- The witness testified viva-voce before the court.
- Students were examined viva-voce on their thesis topics.
Advanced Usage
- As a noun (less common): In some contexts, particularly in British English, "viva" (short for ) is used as a noun to mean an oral examination, especially for an academic thesis.
- She passed her PhD viva with distinction.
Variants and Related Words
- Viva: A common shortened form, primarily used as a noun for an oral examination.
- Oral: A more common and direct synonym for the adjective form.
- Word-of-mouth: A closely related phrase describing information spread verbally among people.
Synonyms
- Oral
- Spoken
- Verbal (though this can ambiguously refer to written words as well)
- Unwritten
Antonyms
- Written
- Documented
- Recorded (in a textual sense)
Adjective
-
expressed orally
-
a viva-voce report
-
the film had good word-of-mouth publicity
-
Khám phá thêm
Các từ liên quan
Từ đồng nghĩa
Từ tương tự
Từ gần giống
Từ chứa "viva-voce"
