viva-voce

Thân thiện

The student gave a viva-voce presentation to the class.

Definition

1. Adjective: Expressed orally; communicated by spoken word rather than in writing.
2. Adverb: In a spoken, oral manner; by word of mouth.

Usage

The term 'viva-voce' is used to describe communication, examination, or reporting that is conducted or delivered through speech. It is a formal term, often found in academic, legal, or official contexts.

Examples

• Adjective:
  • The committee required a viva-voce presentation from each candidate.
  • The findings were summarized in a brief viva-voce account.
• Adverb:
  • The witness testified viva-voce before the court.
  • Students were examined viva-voce on their thesis topics.

Advanced Usage

• As a noun (less common): In some contexts, particularly in British English, "viva" (short for ) is used as a noun to mean an oral examination, especially for an academic thesis.
  • She passed her PhD viva with distinction.

Variants and Related Words

• Viva: A common shortened form, primarily used as a noun for an oral examination.
• Oral: A more common and direct synonym for the adjective form.
• Word-of-mouth: A closely related phrase describing information spread verbally among people.

Synonyms

• Oral
• Spoken
• Verbal (though this can ambiguously refer to written words as well)
• Unwritten

Antonyms

• Written
• Documented
• Recorded (in a textual sense)

Học thuật

Adjective

1. expressed orally
   • a viva-voce report
   • the film had good word-of-mouth publicity

Từ đồng nghĩa

• word-of-mouth