Definition

Adjective: - Abundant; profuse; in great abundance: Describes a state where something exists in very large quantities, to the point of being excessive or more than enough, often creating a feeling of surplus or waste. It emphasizes overwhelming plenty.

Usage

• Used to describe tangible things (like food, objects) or sometimes intangible things (like problems, work) that are present in excessive amounts.
• Often carries a slightly negative or overwhelmed connotation, implying the quantity is so large it becomes troublesome, wasteful, or difficult to manage.
• Commonly used in spoken and informal written Vietnamese.

Usage Examples

• (After the party, leftover food was still abundant/profuse on the table.)
• (He has profuse amounts of money but doesn't know what to spend it on.)
• (The backlog of work is overwhelmingly abundant, causing me stress.)

Advanced Usage

• "Ê hề ra": A common collocation emphasizing the state of being spilled over or visibly overflowing with abundance.
  • Chợ sắp tan mà rau củ vẫn ê hề ra. (The market is about to close, but vegetables are still lying around in profusion.)

Variants and Related Words

• Thừa thãi (adj): Redundant, surplus. Focuses more on being unnecessary due to excess.
• Nhiều vô kể (phrase): Countless, innumerable. Emphasizes an uncountably large number.
• Chất đống (verb phrase): To be piled up. Emphasizes the physical accumulation.

Synonyms

• Dồi dào: Plentiful, ample. Often has a more positive connotation (e.g., abundant resources).
• Phong phú: Rich, plentiful, diverse. Emphasizes variety and abundance in a positive sense.
• Tràn ngập: To be flooded/swamped with. Emphasizes a space completely filled.

Notes on Meaning

• While ê hề can be translated as "abundant," its core nuance is excessive or wasteful abundance. It's closer to "aplenty" or "in profusion," often with a sense of being more than one can handle or use effectively.
• It is less formal than dồi dào or phong phú.

adj

1. abudant; profuse