Definition

1. Adjective (Chemistry):
   • Homologous: Describing a series of organic compounds that share the same general formula and functional group, but differ in the length of their carbon chain by a repeating unit (typically -CH₂-). Members of such a series are called homologues.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Ankan là một dãy đồng đẳng. (Alkanes are a homologous series.)
  • Etan và propan là hai chất đồng đẳng. (Ethane and propane are two homologous compounds.)
  • Tính chất hóa học của các hợp chất đồng đẳng thường tương tự nhau. (The chemical properties of homologous compounds are often similar.)

Advanced Usage

• "dãy đồng đẳng": homologous series.
  • Dãy đồng đẳng của ancol có công thức chung là CₙH₂ₙ₊₁OH. (The homologous series of alcohols has the general formula CₙH₂ₙ₊₁OH.)

Variants and Related Words

• Chất đồng đẳng / Hợp chất đồng đẳng (n): homologue, homologous compound.
  • Mêtan là chất đồng đẳng đầu tiên trong dãy ankan. (Methane is the first homologue in the alkane series.)

Synonyms

• Homologous (adj): having the same relation, relative position, or structure, especially in chemistry regarding a series of compounds.

Related Scientific Concepts

• Đồng phân (n): isomer - compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.
  • Đồng đẳng khác với đồng phân. (Homology is different from isomerism.)